To which test does the Wheatstone bridge method refer?

The Wheatstone bridge method is a precise electrical measurement technique primarily used for measuring resistance, which is directly related to conductivity in fluids. Conductivity tests evaluate the ability of water to conduct an electrical current, which correlates with the concentration of ions in the water. The Wheatstone bridge allows for very accurate measurements by balancing the circuit, providing a way to determine resistance and, consequently, the conductivity of the sample being tested.

In contrast, pH testing involves measuring the hydrogen ion concentration in water, hardness refers to the concentration of calcium and magnesium ions, and turbidity measures the cloudiness or haziness of a liquid caused by suspended particles. These tests do not use the Wheatstone bridge method, solidifying conductivity as the correct association for this specific testing approach.