What is a potential consequence of high turbidity levels during chlorine disinfection?

High turbidity levels in water can significantly impact the effectiveness of chlorine disinfection. Turbidity refers to the cloudiness or haziness of water caused by the presence of suspended particles such as silt, clay, algae, or microorganisms. When turbidity levels are high, these particles can shield bacteria and other pathogens from chlorine, which is the disinfectant used to kill harmful organisms in drinking water.

Chlorine works by penetrating the cell walls of bacteria and other microorganisms, leading to their inactivation. However, when suspended particles are present in large quantities, they can form a barrier around the bacteria, preventing direct contact with chlorine. This shielding effect means that even if chlorine is added to the water, some pathogens may survive the treatment, resulting in a higher risk of waterborne diseases.

Therefore, understanding the relationship between turbidity and disinfection effectiveness is crucial for water quality management, especially in ensuring safe drinking water.