What is the potential consequence of excessive fluoride exposure in drinking water?

Excessive fluoride exposure in drinking water can lead to fluorosis, which is a condition that primarily affects the teeth and bones. Fluorosis occurs when there are high levels of fluoride during the early years of life, particularly while the teeth are developing. It is characterized by discoloration, mottling, and surface irregularities of the teeth. In severe cases, fluorosis can lead to structural damage to the enamel, making teeth more susceptible to decay and cavities.

The importance of monitoring fluoride levels in drinking water stems from its beneficial role in dental health when present in appropriate amounts; however, excessive exposure can have detrimental effects, especially in children. Understanding this balance is crucial for public health safety measures.