What is the term for the consistency of measurement when a sample is tested repeatedly under controlled conditions?

The term for the consistency of measurement when a sample is tested repeatedly under controlled conditions is known as reproducibility. Reproducibility focuses on how consistently the same results can be obtained when the same measurements or tests are repeated, even if they are conducted by different operators, using different equipment, or at different times. This is crucial in laboratory settings, such as those involving drinking water testing, as it ensures that the results are reliable and can be trusted for decision-making.

Reproducibility is essential in scientific experiments and analysis because it reinforces the reliability of findings. If a measurement can be reproduced with little variation, it indicates that the results are dependable and reflective of the true characteristics of the sample being tested. High reproducibility is key to maintaining quality assurance and ensuring that water testing results are accurate and safe for public health.

In contrast, accuracy refers to how close a measured value is to the true or accepted value, while variability describes how much measured values differ from one another. Calibration is the process of configuring an instrument to provide a result for a sample within an acceptable range. Each of these terms plays a distinct role in the field of analytical testing, but reproducibility specifically addresses the consistency of results in repeated measurements.