Which method is utilized for measuring total coliform in water?

The multiple-choice question pertains to the methods used for measuring total coliform in water, which is an essential aspect of water quality testing. The most recognized methods for quantifying total coliforms include the Most Probable Number (MPN) procedure, among others.

The MPN procedure is a statistical method that estimates the concentration of microorganisms in a water sample. It involves a series of dilutions and incubations, where the presence of coliforms is indicated by gas or acid production in lactose broth. The results are then interpreted using MPN tables, providing a reliable estimate of bacterial concentration. This method is particularly useful in assessing water safety because coliform bacteria can indicate the presence of pathogens.

While methods like membrane filtration and aerobic incubation are used for various microbiological analyses, they are not primarily the standard protocols for measuring total coliforms in the same way the MPN procedure is recognized for this specific purpose. Sand filtration is a physical water treatment method that helps remove particles and some pathogens but does not directly measure total coliform levels.

Thus, the MPN procedure is the most fitting choice when it comes to measuring total coliforms in water samples, as it is designed specifically for this purpose and provides a statistically reliable estimate of coliform presence